A SPICE-Compatible Physics-Inspired Model for Molecular-Type Atomic Switches in Memory and Neuromorphic Circuits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59675/E111Keywords:
Atomic switch; SPICE modeling; Filament growth; Plasticity; Calibration; Neuromorphic computingAbstract
Molecular-type atomic switches are an emerging technology in solid-electrolyte electrical devices, serving as nonvolatile memory devices and neuromorphic computers. However, there are no compact physics-inspired behavioral models to enable their integration into circuit-level simulations. This paper introduces a simple SPICE-compatible behavioral model that combines ion-density dynamics, filament growth, and exponential resistance growth to recreate the major experimental behaviors of these devices, such as bistable switching, rate-dependent plasticity, and quantized conductance steps. The model is represented as a set of coupled ordinary differential equations using a two-element state vector, and it is then converted into SPICE primitives as behavioral sources and state holding capacitors in practice. Calibration plans for measurable experimental quantities, such as switching time as a function of bias, threshold voltages, and quantized step magnitudes, are suggested. The resulting framework allows for quick exploration of circuits at the circuit level and evaluates the entire system at the system level, while considering material-specific parameterization demands and possible quantum effects refinements. It is a synthesis of proven experimental and theoretical literature, making it directly applicable to modern memory and neuromorphic applications.
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