Adaptive Control Strategies for Energy-Efficient Smart Grids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59675/E125Keywords:
Adaptive control, Smart grids, Model predictive control, Renewable energy integration, Artificial intelligence,Abstract
The global move toward sustainable energy systems has led to the creation of smart power distribution networks that are able to balance the various energy sources, changing demand curves and real time operating limits. Adaptive control strategies are another form of new approach to smart grid control, which allows dynamically optimizing the flow of energy, load balancing, and integration of renewable energy. This review looks into the core principles, technological structures, and implementation issues of adaptive control systems in the present-day smart grids. The paper presents major control methodologies such as model predictive control, artificial intelligence-based control and distributed control architecture. It is a critical analysis of how these strategies can improve grid stability, reduce energy losses, and absorb intermittency of the renewable energy generation. Also, the paper reviews regulatory issues, cybersecurity standards, and interoperability standards that regulate smart grid activities across the world. The results reveal that adaptive control systems with the appropriate inclusion of robust communication infrastructure and modern sensing devices can greatly enhance grid efficiency by minimizing energy losses up to 20 percent, reducing operational expenses, and speeding up the process of integrating decentralized energy sources like renewable energy sources but maintaining the reliability and resilience of the system.
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